DEEP DIVESMOB MENAGERIE: GOAT
生物圈栏: 山羊

Minecraft's very own battering ram!
MC特有的大锤


What’s this? A new series on Minecraft.net? That’s RIGHT! We cover blocks, we cover inventory items, we cover biomes (though we’re starting to run out of those, so we’ve been pestering the dev team to add more). But we recently realized that we were totally neglecting the living creatures that roam around Minecraft’s various dimensions. Welcome, dear reader, to Mob Menagerie.
这是什么？Minecraft.net 上的新系列？没错！我们介绍方块、物品和生物群系 (因为我们快介绍完了，所以我们一直催开发团队添加新的)。但我们最近意识到，我们完全忽视了在各个维度中漫游的生物。亲爱的读者，欢迎来到”生物圈栏"。

We’re kicking things off today with a relatively new entry in our animal canon. This horned screamer was added to Minecraft in the first part of the Caves & Cliffs update, and patrols the highest parts of the world. Do you know who we’re talking about? That’s right – the star of our first Mob Menagerie column is the goat!
我们今天用比较新的动物来作为专栏的开篇。这个东西长着角、会发出尖锐的爆鸣声，在《洞穴与山崖第一部分》被添加到MC，在世界最高处来回逛荡。你知道我们在说啥吗？没错 – 我们第一篇“生物圈栏”的主角就是 山羊！




Goats spawn during the daytime in groups of two or three in the uppermost reaches of mountain biomes – that means snowy slopes, jagged peaks, and frozen peaks. Generally, they just hang around in these inhospitable places, munching on what grass they can find and leaping over obstacles.
山羊在白天以2~3个为一组生成在高山群系，即积雪山坡、尖峭山峰和冰封山峰的最高处。它们通常在这些不宜居的地方四处溜达，吃掉它们能找到的草，并跃过障碍物。

Here’s Alexander Östman, who was part of the team who created the goat, explaining how this jumping-between-blocks behavior was implemented:
创造山羊的团队的一员 Alexander Östman 解释了在方块之间跳跃的行为是如何实现的:


"When trying our code out, we usually placed a goat on a single block up in the air and another block nearby to verify that the goat would jump between the two. Here we encountered a number of funny bugs! For instance, one of the first times the jump-force math was off, so the goat skyrocketed up and up, only to fall to its demise! Another time the rotation calculation was off so the goat jumped backward into empty air instead of forwards to the other block! Eventually though, we were able to find the right math and the goats now (almost) always manage to jump to their desired target block!”
"我们调试代码的时候，通常会把山羊放在一个单独的方块上，并且在旁边再放一个方块来验证山羊是否会在两个方块之间跳跃。我们在这里发现了一些有趣的BUG！比如，第一次，跳跃的力度算错了，然后山羊就像火箭一样会不断的往天上窜，然后摔死了！另一次是旋转算错了，所以山羊向后跳到了空气上而不是面前的方块上！不过，我们最终找到了正确的计算方法，现在山羊总是能够跳到他们想要的目标上（大概吧）。”

—— Alexander Östman
Warning: when goats see other creatures, they can get a little ornery – and a small number are particularly unfriendly. They’ll charge and ram any intruders in an attempt to scare them off. If that intruder is you, then here’s my advice – keep an eye on the goat, and as soon as it lowers its head and starts stomping, move out of the way. The goat won’t notice, and will charge at the place where you were, rather than the place where you are.
警告: 当山羊看到其他生物时，他们会变得有点凶 – 少数山羊特别不友好。它们会冲撞任何入侵者，试图将它们吓跑。如果入侵者是你，那么我的建议是 – 盯着山羊，一旦它低下头并开始跺脚，就赶紧溜走。山羊不会注意到你溜走了，它会冲向你刚才所在的位置，而不是你现在所在的位置。

If you don’t move out of the way in time, you’ll be knocked back a huge distance. Normally that wouldn’t be a problem, but the terrain you’ll tend to encounter goats in is rather precipitous, and there’s every chance you’ll be knocked off the mountain entirely. Which hurts.
如果你没有及时溜走，你会被击退到一个很远的距离开外。通常来说这不算什么，但是你遇到山羊的地形会很陡峭，你很有可能会从山上被击退到空中，然后摔下去寄了。



Goats, as I’m sure you know, exist in the real world too. They’re actually a type of antelope which was domesticated about 10,000 years ago in what is now Iran. Since then, humans have been raising them for milk, meat, fur and skins.
我相信你知道，山羊在现实世界中也存在。它们实际上是羚羊的一种，大约在1万年前在现在的伊朗被驯化。从那时起，人类就一直用它们来产奶、产肉、产毛皮和皮革。

The total world population of goats is about a billion, according to the United Nations, and this is largely because they’re fairly easy to look after. They’re highly curious creatures, and will taste just about anything that remotely resembles a plant to see if it’s worth eating – including cardboard, clothing, and paper.
据联合国统计，全球山羊总数约为10亿只，这主要是因为它们相当容易照顾。它们是非常好奇的生物，会试着吃任何但凡有点像植物的东西，看看是否值得食用——包括纸壳子、衣物和纸。

As well as curiosity, goats are known for their agility – able to climb and balance in precarious situations. They often climb trees, and are notorious for being able to escape almost any enclosure – often just for fun. In some studies, they’ve been found to be as intelligent as dogs, even asking humans for help solving puzzles.
除了好奇心之外，山羊还以它们的敏捷而闻名——能够在不稳定的情况下攀爬和保持平衡。它们经常爬树，并且以能够逃脱几乎任何围栏而臭名昭著 – 通常只是因为好玩。在某些研究中，人们发现它们与狗一样聪明，甚至会请求人类帮助解决难题。

In Minecraft, our goat sounds are maximally authentic – recorded from real goats. So if there are none near where you live, then head in-game, trek up a mountain, and enjoy the chorus of screams.
在MC中，我们的山羊的声音是最真实的 – 因为它是真正的山羊的录音。所以如果你的旁边没有山羊，那么就在游戏中前进，登山，享受尖锐的爆鸣声吧。




【MoonCake__MC 译自官网 2022 年 08 月 29 日发布的 Mob Menagerie: Goat；原作者 Duncan Geere】
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