本帖最后由 Water_Bell 于 2020-12-4 19:19 编辑

Do you name your tools? I do. At the time of writing, I have a shovel called Doug, a pick called Michael, an axe called Nancy, and a sword called Courvoisier Choppathon III. If you want to name yours too and keep it repaired at the same time, you’ll need our item of the week – the anvil.
给装备起名字吗？这我熟。在我写文章这会儿，我就做了把铲子“Doug”，镐子“Michael”，斧子“Nancy”，还有我的大宝剑“Courvoisier Choppathon III”。如果你也想来试试，同时修一修装备的话，本周物品 – 铁砧就派上用场了。

Anvils became a part of the Minecraft universe in the Pretty Scary Update, way back in October 2012, alongside witches, carrots, carrots on sticks, flowerpots, and pumpkin pie. Originally they were crafted from six iron blocks and one iron ingot, but that was pretty expensive so we made them a bit cheaper. Today they’re made from just three iron blocks and four ingots. You’re welcome.
铁砧在2012年十月的 骇人更新 中与女巫、胡萝卜、胡萝卜钓竿、花盆以及南瓜派一同成为Minecraft中的一员。本来它是用六个铁块和一个铁锭合成的，但那成本实在是太高了，所以我们稍稍降低了标准，现在只要三个铁块和四个铁锭，很不错吧？举手之劳，不足挂齿。

There are five basic things you can do with an anvil. First, you can rename items, which initially costs one level of XP, but does get more expensive over time due to the “prior work penalty” that applies to all anvil activity. The maths is a bit complicated, but put simply, the more times you rework an item, the more expensive it gets. So it’s best to rename items at the same time as repairing or enchanting them.
铁砧有五项基本功能。第一，物品改名。第一次只需一级经验，但是由于使用铁砧带来的 “ 经验惩罚 ” ，花费会越来越高。惩罚的算法有些复杂，这里就不再赘述，简单来说就是物品被放上的铁砧次数越多，花费就越高。所以最好同时进行物品改名和物品的修复或者附魔。

Second, you can repair items – which is done with one of the raw ingredients used to create the tool in the first place – an iron ingot for an iron pickaxe, for example. In case you’re wondering, elytra are repaired with phantom membranes, turtle shells are repaired with scutes, and chainmail is repaired with iron ingots. Each item will repair 25% durability.
第二，修复物品。要修复物品，你得准备好它的原材料，比如铁镐就要用铁锭来修复。想知道更多？好吧，鞘翅是用幻翼膜来修复的，海龟壳是用鳞甲修复的，锁链甲则要用到铁锭。每个原材料可以修复25%的耐久。

Third, you can combine two items together. They have to be exactly the same item (i.e. you can’t combine a wooden pickaxe with an iron one). Combining two items will add their durability scores together (plus a little bit more as a bonus), and merges the enchantments. Pro tip – repairing tools by combining them is often cheaper than doing it with individual items. For example, a diamond shovel requires four diamonds to repair to full – but it can be repaired completely by combining it with a fresh diamond shovel, which only costs one diamond to craft.
第三，合并装备。只有相同的物品才能合并 (比如一把木镐就不能与铁镐合并)。物品合并的同时，耐久也会合并 (还能增加一些)，魔咒也一样。这里有个技巧，合并物品实际上比修复要更实惠。比如一把钻石铲修复到满耐久要四个钻石，然而用一颗钻石合成一把全新的钻石铲，再与旧的合并，就可以达到同样的效果。

Fourth, you can enchant tools with enchanted books to add the book’s enchantment to the tool. This costs much less XP than combining two enchanted tools together, though it’s still not going to be cheap when working with high-level enchantments.
第四，用附魔书给物品附魔。这比合并两个附魔物品花费的经验要更少，但高级附魔可不吃这套。  （取得进度：抱歉，今天不行 XD）

Finally, and best of all, you can drop anvils on people and things. Anvils fall when there isn’t a block underneath them, just like sand and gravel, dealing damage to whatever’s underneath depending on fall distance – up to a maximum of 40 blocks (20 hearts of damage). It’ll also crush any items underneath it, so be careful what you leave lying around. Want to guard yourself against falling anvils? A helmet cuts the damage dealt by 25%.
最后是铁砧的拿手好戏——泰山压顶。铁砧悬空时会像沙子和沙砾一样掉下来，下落越高，伤害越高，最高是40格 (20颗心)，还会破坏物品，所以丢东西时得注意了。害怕掉落的铁砧？头盔可以帮你减少25%的伤害。

One more thing to note here – every time you use an anvil, it has a 12% chance to get damaged. An anvil can be damaged three times before it’s destroyed - and you can see that damage on the anvil itself. On average, you’ll be able to use an anvil about 25 times before it’s destroyed, but it can be much more or much less depending on how lucky you are. Anvils, unfortunately, cannot be repaired – what would you repair one in anyway?
还有一件事，每次使用铁砧都有 12%的几率使它受损。损坏的铁砧上会出现裂纹，受损3次后便不能使用了。平均每个铁砧能用25次，抛开平均值，能用多少次就得看人品了。可惜的是，铁砧不能修复，但不会真有人想去修复它吧？

Anvils have been around longer than humans.Lots of tool-using animals,like chimpanzees and even some fish and birds, use hard surfaces as an anvil to crack nuts and shells.
铁砧的雏形在人类之前就已出现了。许多动物会将某些物体坚硬的表面当做砧子，用于敲开坚果和贝壳，比如黑猩猩，甚至一些鱼类和鸟类。

As such, the first anvils were made of stone – but as metalworking developed, so too did bronze, and later wrought iron anvils – which were plated with steel once that was invented. Today, anvils are mostly just made of solid steel.
同样，最初的“铁砧”是用石头做的，随着冶金工艺的发展，人们开始用青铜制造铁砧，最后，用钢铁制成的名副其实的铁砧终于出现了，并且一直延续到如今。

Anvils evolved their characteristic shape over many centuries, starting as just a big solid lump and going through lots of different styles depending on the tasks they were used for. The “London pattern” is most common today, which has holes on one end for tools, a flat face along the top with a rounded edge, a step, and then a horn for making curved pieces.
时过境迁，铁砧的形状也在不断变化，一开始只是一大块铁，之后铁砧就根据不同的用途发展出了不同的形状。如今最常见的是 “ 伦敦式 ” ，这种铁砧在一边开了放置工具的小洞，表面平坦，边沿圆滑，末端呈阶梯状，还有一个用于制造弯曲部件的角状凸起。

My favourite real-world fact about them is the practice of “anvil firing” – where anvils are shot into the air with gunpowder. Especially popular in the United States, this tradition was often used when cannons were unavailable – in British Columbia, on Victoria Day in 1860, a 21 anvil salute replaced the traditional 21 gun salute, after the town’s cannons were taken away. Anvils were also traditionally fired on  St. Clement's Day, the patron saint of blacksmiths and metalworkers.
现实世界中，我最喜欢铁砧的是一个关于它的传统“发射铁砧”， 就是用火药把铁砧送上天。这项活动常在没有大炮时进行，并且特别受美国人欢迎。1860年的维多利亚日，在大炮被收缴后，不列颠哥伦比亚省的人们发射了21响铁砧，来代替21响礼炮。由于是铁匠和金属工的庇护者之日，圣克莱门特节也有发射铁砧的传统。

Anvil firing isn’t available in Minecraft (yet!). So may I suggest fireworks as an alternative for your next celebration? Rather safer than having anvils falling everywhere anyway...
Minecraft还没有发射铁砧的功能(以后一定会有的!)。所以下次庆祝时用烟花怎么样？我这是为安全着想，从天而降的铁砧可不长眼睛…

【Water_Bell 译自官网 2020 年 11 月 26 日发布的 Taking Inventory: Anvil；原作者 Duncan Geere】
【本文排版借助了：SPX】

我就是勤劳的小矿工，我用透视稿给大佬挖矿bbbbbb

感谢作者翻译，辛苦辽

感觉铁砧耐久太低了，命名也要消耗耐久

过于昂贵警告

好讨厌附魔惩罚

what would you repair one in anyway 是说（拿铁砧修东西）那那什么修铁砧 （禁止套娃.jpg

在服务器里面可以用铁毡把一些与特有物品图标相同的物品重命名来造假（我这么干过）