本帖最后由 Methylbenzene_ 于 2020-12-5 00:25 编辑
Do you name your tools? I do. At the time of writing, I have a shovel called Doug, a pick called Michael, an axe called Nancy, and a sword called Courvoisier Choppathon III. If you want to name yours too and keep it repaired at the same time, you’ll need our item of the week – the anvil.
你给你的工具命过名吗？至少我命过。在写这篇文章的时候，我已经有一把叫Doug的铲子、一把叫Michel的镐子、一把叫Nancy的斧子以及一把叫做的Courvoisier Choppathon III剑。如果你也想要给你的东西命名并顺带修复它的话，你就需要用上我们的本周物品-铁砧了。
Anvils became a part of the Minecraft universe in the Pretty Scary Update, way back in October 2012, alongside witches, carrots, carrots on sticks, flowerpots, and pumpkin pie. Originally they were crafted from six iron blocks and one iron ingot, but that was pretty expensive so we made them a bit cheaper. Today they’re made from just three iron blocks and four ingots. You’re welcome.
铁砧是于骇人更新中加入Minecraft的。在2012年10月，它与女巫、胡萝卜、胡萝卜钓杆、花盆和南瓜派一道加入了Minecraft世界。它本来是用六个铁块与一个铁锭来合成的，但这样就太昂贵了，所以我们后来把它变得略微便宜了一点。现在的铁砧是由三个铁块和四个铁锭还合成的。别客气。
There are five basic things you can do with an anvil. First, you can rename items, which initially costs one level of XP, but does get more expensive over time due to the “prior work penalty” that applies to all anvil activity. The maths is a bit complicated, but put simply, the more times you rework an item, the more expensive it gets. So it’s best to rename items at the same time as repairing or enchanting them.
铁砧有五个基本用途。第一是用来重命名物品，这会消耗一级经验。但受到铁砧惩罚机制的影响，经验消耗会逐次增加，而且铁砧惩罚机制是适用于所有铁砧的。铁砧惩罚机制的算法有点复杂，但简而言之就是使用铁砧的步骤越多经验消耗就越高。所以最好在修复物品或者附魔的同时重命名物品。
Second, you can repair items – which is done with one of the raw ingredients used to create the tool in the first place – an iron ingot for an iron pickaxe, for example. In case you’re wondering, elytra are repaired with phantom membranes, turtle shells are repaired with scutes, and chainmail is repaired with iron ingots. Each item will repair 25% durability.
铁砧的第二个用途是修复物品。这需要制作物品时所用的原材料，举个例子，修复铁镐需要用到铁砧。如果你想知道更多的话，那我就告诉你：鞘翅需要幻翼膜来修复，海龟壳需要用鳞甲来修复，而锁链护甲则是用铁锭来修复的。每个原材料能恢复25%的最大耐久值。
Third, you can combine two items together. They have to be exactly the same item (i.e. you can’t combine a wooden pickaxe with an iron one). Combining two items will add their durability scores together (plus a little bit more as a bonus), and merges the enchantments. Pro tip – repairing tools by combining them is often cheaper than doing it with individual items. For example, a diamond shovel requires four diamonds to repair to full – but it can be repaired completely by combining it with a fresh diamond shovel, which only costs one diamond to craft.
而铁砧的第三个用途是合并两个物品。它们必须是同样的物品（你不能把一把木镐和一把铁镐合并到一起）。将它们合并在一起会把它们的耐久值加到一起（并加上额外的一点点作为奖励）并融合它们的附魔。专家建议：用崭新的工具来修复一个工具往往会比用原材料来修复更具性价比。举个例子：完全修复一把钻石锹需要四个钻石，但它也可以被用一把新的钻石锹来修复，而合成一把钻石锹只需要一个钻石。
Fourth, you can enchant tools with enchanted books to add the book’s enchantment to the tool. This costs much less XP than combining two enchanted tools together, though it’s still not going to be cheap when working with high-level enchantments.
第四个用途是将工具用附魔书来附魔，以此把附魔书上的魔咒转移到工具上。这么做会比将两个附魔工具结合在一起要少用一些经验值，尽管进行高等级附魔依然不会变便宜多少。
Finally, and best of all, you can drop anvils on people and things. Anvils fall when there isn’t a block underneath them, just like sand and gravel, dealing damage to whatever’s underneath depending on fall distance – up to a maximum of 40 blocks (20 hearts of damage). It’ll also crush any items underneath it, so be careful what you leave lying around. Want to guard yourself against falling anvils? A helmet cuts the damage dealt by 25%.
最后，也是最好的:你可以把铁砧扔到别人或者什么东西上面。铁砧会在其下方没有方块时下落，就像沙子与沙粒那样。它所造成的伤害取决于它的坠落高度-最大为40格（即20心的伤害）。它也会砸坏其下方的任何物品，所以要留意你所留下的物品。那么你想要扛下铁砧所造成的伤害吗？戴上头盔可以减少25%的伤害。
One more thing to note here – every time you use an anvil, it has a 12% chance to get damaged. An anvil can be damaged three times before it’s destroyed - and you can see that damage on the anvil itself. On average, you’ll be able to use an anvil about 25 times before it’s destroyed, but it can be much more or much less depending on how lucky you are. Anvils, unfortunately, cannot be repaired – what would you repair one in anyway?
此外需要注意的是-每次使用铁砧都会有12%的机率造成其损坏，而一个铁砧将在其遭受损坏三次后被破坏掉-它上面的损坏是肉眼可见的。平均下来你每个铁砧可以在其损坏前使用25次，但可能能使用得更长或者更短，这取决于你的运气。不幸的是，铁砧不能被修复。再说了，谁想去修铁砧呢？
Anvils have been around longer than humans. Lots of tool-using animals, like chimpanzees and even some fish and birds, use hard surfaces as an anvil to crack nuts and shells.
铁砧的历史甚至比人类的历史还长。许多会使用工具的动物，像是大猩猩甚至于一些鱼和鸟类会使用坚硬的表面来作为铁砧以破开坚果和贝壳。
As such, the first anvils were made of stone – but as metalworking developed, so too did bronze, and later wrought iron anvils – which were plated with steel once that was invented. Today, anvils are mostly just made of solid steel.
真正意义上的第一个铁砧是石质的，但随着冶金技术的进步，铁砧逐渐变成了铜制的，然后是熟铁-它们一被发明就在表面上被覆上了钢。而现在的铁砧几乎都是由实心的钢材制成的。
Anvils evolved their characteristic shape over many centuries, starting as just a big solid lump and going through lots of different styles depending on the tasks they were used for. The “London pattern” is most common today, which has holes on one end for tools, a flat face along the top with a rounded edge, a step, and then a horn for making curved pieces.
在经过了几个世纪的演变后，铁砧逐渐形成了如今的样子，从一个大铁块变成了适应用途的不同形状。而其中的“伦敦式”是最常见的，它的一端有孔可以用来放工具，顶部有一个圆形平面、一个台阶以及一个用来制作弯曲工件的角。
My favourite real-world fact about them is the practice of “anvil firing” – where anvils are shot into the air with gunpowder. Especially popular in the United States, this tradition was often used when cannons were unavailable – in British Columbia, on Victoria Day in 1860, a 21 anvil salute replaced the traditional 21 gun salute, after the town’s cannons were taken away. Anvils were also traditionally fired onSt. Clement's Day, the patron saint of blacksmiths and metalworkers.
而我最喜欢的现实艺术则是“让铁砧飞”-即用火药把铁砧送上天。这在美国十分流行，因为传统的礼炮被禁止了。而在1860年的维多利亚日，卑诗省在他们的炮被没收后用二十一响铁砧代替了二十一响礼炮。同时铁匠和冶金工人在圣克莱门特节也会依传统来发射铁砧以示庆祝。
Anvil firing isn’t available in Minecraft (yet!). So may I suggest fireworks as an alternative for your next celebration? Rather safer than having anvils falling everywhere anyway...
然而在Minecraft中依然是没有“让铁砧飞”的（至少现在还没有）。所以我更倾向于让你在下次庆祝什么的时候放点烟花作为替代，毕竟这比天上下铁砧雨要安全多了...
DEEP DIVES
Taking Inventory: ANVIL
背包盘点：铁砧
Forged in fire!
于烈火中锻造！
Forged in fire!
于烈火中锻造！
Duncan Geere
Do you name your tools? I do. At the time of writing, I have a shovel called Doug, a pick called Michael, an axe called Nancy, and a sword called Courvoisier Choppathon III. If you want to name yours too and keep it repaired at the same time, you’ll need our item of the week – the anvil.
你给你的工具命过名吗？至少我命过。在写这篇文章的时候，我已经有一把叫Doug的铲子、一把叫Michel的镐子、一把叫Nancy的斧子以及一把叫做的Courvoisier Choppathon III剑。如果你也想要给你的东西命名并顺带修复它的话，你就需要用上我们的本周物品-铁砧了。
Anvils became a part of the Minecraft universe in the Pretty Scary Update, way back in October 2012, alongside witches, carrots, carrots on sticks, flowerpots, and pumpkin pie. Originally they were crafted from six iron blocks and one iron ingot, but that was pretty expensive so we made them a bit cheaper. Today they’re made from just three iron blocks and four ingots. You’re welcome.
铁砧是于骇人更新中加入Minecraft的。在2012年10月，它与女巫、胡萝卜、胡萝卜钓杆、花盆和南瓜派一道加入了Minecraft世界。它本来是用六个铁块与一个铁锭来合成的，但这样就太昂贵了，所以我们后来把它变得略微便宜了一点。现在的铁砧是由三个铁块和四个铁锭还合成的。别客气。
There are five basic things you can do with an anvil. First, you can rename items, which initially costs one level of XP, but does get more expensive over time due to the “prior work penalty” that applies to all anvil activity. The maths is a bit complicated, but put simply, the more times you rework an item, the more expensive it gets. So it’s best to rename items at the same time as repairing or enchanting them.
铁砧有五个基本用途。第一是用来重命名物品，这会消耗一级经验。但受到铁砧惩罚机制的影响，经验消耗会逐次增加，而且铁砧惩罚机制是适用于所有铁砧的。铁砧惩罚机制的算法有点复杂，但简而言之就是使用铁砧的步骤越多经验消耗就越高。所以最好在修复物品或者附魔的同时重命名物品。
铁砧的第二个用途是修复物品。这需要制作物品时所用的原材料，举个例子，修复铁镐需要用到铁砧。如果你想知道更多的话，那我就告诉你：鞘翅需要幻翼膜来修复，海龟壳需要用鳞甲来修复，而锁链护甲则是用铁锭来修复的。每个原材料能恢复25%的最大耐久值。
Third, you can combine two items together. They have to be exactly the same item (i.e. you can’t combine a wooden pickaxe with an iron one). Combining two items will add their durability scores together (plus a little bit more as a bonus), and merges the enchantments. Pro tip – repairing tools by combining them is often cheaper than doing it with individual items. For example, a diamond shovel requires four diamonds to repair to full – but it can be repaired completely by combining it with a fresh diamond shovel, which only costs one diamond to craft.
而铁砧的第三个用途是合并两个物品。它们必须是同样的物品（你不能把一把木镐和一把铁镐合并到一起）。将它们合并在一起会把它们的耐久值加到一起（并加上额外的一点点作为奖励）并融合它们的附魔。专家建议：用崭新的工具来修复一个工具往往会比用原材料来修复更具性价比。举个例子：完全修复一把钻石锹需要四个钻石，但它也可以被用一把新的钻石锹来修复，而合成一把钻石锹只需要一个钻石。
Fourth, you can enchant tools with enchanted books to add the book’s enchantment to the tool. This costs much less XP than combining two enchanted tools together, though it’s still not going to be cheap when working with high-level enchantments.
第四个用途是将工具用附魔书来附魔，以此把附魔书上的魔咒转移到工具上。这么做会比将两个附魔工具结合在一起要少用一些经验值，尽管进行高等级附魔依然不会变便宜多少。
Finally, and best of all, you can drop anvils on people and things. Anvils fall when there isn’t a block underneath them, just like sand and gravel, dealing damage to whatever’s underneath depending on fall distance – up to a maximum of 40 blocks (20 hearts of damage). It’ll also crush any items underneath it, so be careful what you leave lying around. Want to guard yourself against falling anvils? A helmet cuts the damage dealt by 25%.
最后，也是最好的:你可以把铁砧扔到别人或者什么东西上面。铁砧会在其下方没有方块时下落，就像沙子与沙粒那样。它所造成的伤害取决于它的坠落高度-最大为40格（即20心的伤害）。它也会砸坏其下方的任何物品，所以要留意你所留下的物品。那么你想要扛下铁砧所造成的伤害吗？戴上头盔可以减少25%的伤害。
One more thing to note here – every time you use an anvil, it has a 12% chance to get damaged. An anvil can be damaged three times before it’s destroyed - and you can see that damage on the anvil itself. On average, you’ll be able to use an anvil about 25 times before it’s destroyed, but it can be much more or much less depending on how lucky you are. Anvils, unfortunately, cannot be repaired – what would you repair one in anyway?
此外需要注意的是-每次使用铁砧都会有12%的机率造成其损坏，而一个铁砧将在其遭受损坏三次后被破坏掉-它上面的损坏是肉眼可见的。平均下来你每个铁砧可以在其损坏前使用25次，但可能能使用得更长或者更短，这取决于你的运气。不幸的是，铁砧不能被修复。再说了，谁想去修铁砧呢？
铁砧的历史甚至比人类的历史还长。许多会使用工具的动物，像是大猩猩甚至于一些鱼和鸟类会使用坚硬的表面来作为铁砧以破开坚果和贝壳。
As such, the first anvils were made of stone – but as metalworking developed, so too did bronze, and later wrought iron anvils – which were plated with steel once that was invented. Today, anvils are mostly just made of solid steel.
真正意义上的第一个铁砧是石质的，但随着冶金技术的进步，铁砧逐渐变成了铜制的，然后是熟铁-它们一被发明就在表面上被覆上了钢。而现在的铁砧几乎都是由实心的钢材制成的。
Anvils evolved their characteristic shape over many centuries, starting as just a big solid lump and going through lots of different styles depending on the tasks they were used for. The “London pattern” is most common today, which has holes on one end for tools, a flat face along the top with a rounded edge, a step, and then a horn for making curved pieces.
在经过了几个世纪的演变后，铁砧逐渐形成了如今的样子，从一个大铁块变成了适应用途的不同形状。而其中的“伦敦式”是最常见的，它的一端有孔可以用来放工具，顶部有一个圆形平面、一个台阶以及一个用来制作弯曲工件的角。
My favourite real-world fact about them is the practice of “anvil firing” – where anvils are shot into the air with gunpowder. Especially popular in the United States, this tradition was often used when cannons were unavailable – in British Columbia, on Victoria Day in 1860, a 21 anvil salute replaced the traditional 21 gun salute, after the town’s cannons were taken away. Anvils were also traditionally fired onSt. Clement's Day, the patron saint of blacksmiths and metalworkers.
而我最喜欢的现实艺术则是“让铁砧飞”-即用火药把铁砧送上天。这在美国十分流行，因为传统的礼炮被禁止了。而在1860年的维多利亚日，卑诗省在他们的炮被没收后用二十一响铁砧代替了二十一响礼炮。同时铁匠和冶金工人在圣克莱门特节也会依传统来发射铁砧以示庆祝。
Anvil firing isn’t available in Minecraft (yet!). So may I suggest fireworks as an alternative for your next celebration? Rather safer than having anvils falling everywhere anyway...
然而在Minecraft中依然是没有“让铁砧飞”的（至少现在还没有）。所以我更倾向于让你在下次庆祝什么的时候放点烟花作为替代，毕竟这比天上下铁砧雨要安全多了...
【Methylbenzene_译自 官网 2020 年 11 月 26 日发布的 Taking Inventory: Anvil；原作者 Duncan Geere】
【排版未借助任何工具】